不便外发的段落 | 联邦快递 / FedEx
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Wikipedia & CathayVista
7/9/20243 min read
正文7. 批评、争议、事故 | Criticism, controversies and incidents
文中可能包含无法从中国内地访问的链接。
7.1 劳工关系 | Labor relations
In December 2007, the U.S. Internal Revenue Service “tentatively decided” the FedEx Ground Division might be facing a tax liability of $319 million for 2002, due to misclassification of its operatives as independent contractors. Reversing a 1994 decision which allowed FedEx to classify its operatives that own their own vehicles as independent contractors, the IRS audited the years 2003 to 2006, with a view to assessing whether similar misclassification of operatives had taken place. FedEx denied that any irregularities in classification had occurred, but faced legal action from operatives claiming benefits that would have accrued had they been classified as employees.[68]
【参考译文】在2007年12月,美国国税局“初步决定”联邦快递陆运部门可能面临2002年度3.19亿美元的税务责任,原因是将其运营人员错误分类为独立承包商。这一决定推翻了1994年允许联邦快递将其拥有自己车辆的运营人员归类为独立承包商的决定。IRS审计了2003年至2006年的账目,以评估是否发生了类似的错误分类。联邦快递否认发生了任何分类上的不规则行为,但面临着运营人员的法律诉讼,这些运营人员声称如果他们被归类为雇员,本应获得相应的福利。[68]
In June 2009, FedEx began a campaign against UPS and the Teamsters union, accusing its competitor of receiving a bailout in an advertising campaign called “Brown Bailout“. FedEx claimed that signing the Federal Aviation Administration re-authorization bill, which would let some of its workers unionize more easily (and, according to the Memphis-based company, “could expose [its] customers at any time to local work stoppages that interrupted the flow of their time-sensitive, high-value shipments”),[69] was equivalent to giving UPS a “bailout”. Independent observers heavily criticized FedEx’s wording,[69] claiming that it was “an abuse of the term”.[69] FedEx Express employees are regulated under the Railway Labor Act.[70]
【参考译文】在2009年6月,联邦快递发起了一场针对UPS和Teamsters工会的运动,指控其竞争对手在接受救助,并通过一个名为“Brown Bailout”(棕色救助)的广告活动。联邦快递声称,签署联邦航空管理局重新授权法案,该法案将使其一些工人更容易组织工会(并且,根据这家总部位于孟菲斯的公司的说法,“可能随时使[其]客户面临当地工作停顿,中断他们时间敏感、高价值货物的流动”),[69]相当于给UPS一个“救助”。独立观察员严厉批评了联邦快递的措辞,[69]称这是“对该术语的滥用”。[69]联邦快递快运的员工受到铁路劳工法的规范。[70]
In July 2020, the Air Line Pilots Association International (ALPA), the union that represents FedEx Corp pilots, called for a suspension on the company’s Hong Kong operations. According to the union, some members were subject to “extremely difficult conditions” at hospitals urged by government mandates due to the COVID-19 pandemic.[71] FedEx was criticized more broadly for providing inadequate protections and sick leave during the pandemic.[72]
【参考译文】在2020年7月,代表联邦快递公司飞行员的工会——国际航空线飞行员协会(ALPA)呼吁暂停公司在香港的运营。根据工会的说法,由于COVID-19大流行,一些成员在政府强制要求的医院面临“极其困难的条件”。[71] 联邦快递因为在大流行期间提供的保护措施和病假不足而受到更广泛的批评。[72]
7.2 分销受管制物质的指控 | Allegations of controlled substances distribution
文中可能包含无法从中国内地访问的链接。
On July 17, 2014, FedEx was indicted for conspiracy to distribute controlled substances in cooperation with the Chhabra-Smoley Organization and Superior Drugs.[73] According to the U.S. Department of Justice, “FedEx is alleged to have knowingly and intentionally conspired to distribute controlled substances and prescription drugs, including Phendimetrazine (Schedule III); Ambien, Phentermine, Diazepam, and Alprazolam (Schedule IV), to customers who had no legitimate medical need for them based on invalid prescriptions issued by doctors who were acting outside the usual course of professional practice.”[74] A representative for the company contested these claims, stating that it would violate personal rights of customers to deny service and that “We are a transportation company—we are not law enforcement”.[75] On July 17, 2016 the Department of Justice U.S. Attorney’s Office confirmed in a statement that it had asked U.S. District Court Judge Charles Breyer to dismiss the indictment but also did not say why.[76][77][78]
【参考译文】在2014年7月17日,联邦快递因与Chhabra-Smoley组织和超级药店合作共谋分发受控物质而被起诉。根据美国司法部的说法,“据称联邦快递故意共谋分发受控物质和处方药物,包括芬地美噻嗪(三级管制品);安定、非那西汀、安定和阿普唑仑(四级管制品),提供给那些根据无效处方并非出于正当医疗需要的客户,这些处方是由医生在超出正常职业行为范围内开具的。” 该公司的代表反驳了这些指控,表示拒绝提供服务将侵犯客户的个人权利,并称“我们是一家运输公司,我们不是执法机构”。2016年7月17日,美国司法部的联邦检察官办公室在一份声明中确认,他们已要求美国地方法官查尔斯·布雷尔法官撤销起诉,但并没有说明原因。
7.3 对违法停车的批评 | Illegal parking criticism
文中可能包含无法从中国内地访问的链接。
Safe streets activists have criticized FedEx, along with other parcel delivery services, for frequently illegally parking their vehicles in bike lanes while making deliveries, a practice that endangers cyclists.[79][80][81] They were criticized alongside peers in a letter from Washington, D.C.’s transportation agency in 2018.[82]
【参考译文】安全街道活动人士批评联邦快递及其他快递服务公司经常在进行投递时非法停放他们的车辆在自行车道上,这种做法危及骑自行车的人。他们在2018年被华盛顿特区的交通管理机构与同行一起批评的信函中受到了批评。
7.4 对全国步枪协会合作关系的批评 | Criticism of NRA partnership
文中可能包含无法从中国内地访问的链接。
FedEx was criticized for its partnership with the National Rifle Association of America, which it terminated in 2018 under pressure from activists.[83]
【参考译文】联邦快递因其与美国全国步枪协会的合作关系而受到批评,该合作关系于2018年在活动人士的压力下终止。[83]
7.5 华为快递纠纷 | Huawei package delivery dispute
文中可能包含无法从中国内地访问的链接。
2019年5月24日,中国通讯科技企业华为对路透社称,联邦快递将其从日本寄往华为中国地址的两个包裹转运至美国,并试图转运另外两个由越南寄往华为其他亚洲办公室的包裹,均未经授权。华为提供了联邦快递包裹追踪记录的图片。[8]华为公司就此问题正式向中国邮政监管部门投诉,并称将重新审视与联邦快递的关系。[9]联邦快递起初宣称“媒体报道不实”,后于5月28日通过中国官方微博发表声明,为“少量华为货件被失误转运”致歉,并表示“我们确认,没有任何外部方面要求联邦快递转运这些货件。”然而正值美国全面封杀华为之时,加上联邦快递前后态度截然不同,使得中方媒体和许多网友认为此事颇为蹊跷、理由难以服众。[10]
报道中还提到,华为提供电子邮件给路透社记者查看,表示他们在发现到邮件没有如期抵达目的地时,曾向联邦快递的客服反映,对方的回复是: “请您了解,联邦快递香港办公室收到来自联邦快递美国办公室的通知,要求留置此包裹,并把它送回美国。因此这件包裹并未送往收件人,而是留置在联邦快递的办公室,正在进行退回给寄件人的作业。”[9]
2019年6月1日,中国有关部门宣布,由于联邦快递在中国发生未按名址投递快件行为,严重损害用户合法权益,违反中国快递业有关法规,决定对此立案调查。当日央视《新闻联播》发表《国际锐评》,指出“中国已建立‘不可靠实体清单’制度,联邦快递遭调查,对其他违反中国有关法律法规的外国企业、组织和个人将是一个警告”[11][12]。
On June 1, 2019, China filed a case against FedEx for allegedly undermining the rights of Chinese clients.[84] The investigation stemmed from FedEx diverting Huawei packages destined for Asia to FedEx’s headquarters in the United States instead without authorisation, after Huawei was added to the US Entity List.[85][86][87] FedEx later apologised for the “mistransportation”.[85][86][88]
【参考译文】2019年6月1日,中国对联邦快递提起诉讼,指控其据称侵犯了中国客户的权利。此次调查源自于联邦快递在华为被列入美国实体清单后,未经授权将前往亚洲的华为包裹转运到了联邦快递在美国总部,引发了中国的不满。联邦快递后来为这起“误运”事件道歉。
It has also been reported that FedEx refused to deliver a used Huawei phone into the US. Writers at PC Magazine tried to ship a Huawei P30 from a UK office to a US one to find it sent back a few days later.[89][90]
【参考译文】据报道,联邦快递还拒绝将一部使用过的华为手机运送到美国。PC Magazine的撰稿人试图从英国办公室将一部华为P30手机运送到美国,但几天后发现手机被退回。
2019年6月22日,电脑杂志PC Magazine首席分析师Sascha Segan在推特上指责联邦快递将原本从PC Magazine英国伦敦办公室寄往美国纽约办公室的华为P30手机退回伦敦。对此联邦快递回应称由于华为及其相关子公司被列入实体名单,所以限制了联邦快递和华为的业务往来,联邦快递不接受任何华为的上市商品货物。随后PC Magazine通过联合包裹服务将手机转运至纽约。联合包裹服务则表示,联合包裹服务仅禁止将产品送往美国以外69个与华为有关的场所,但联合包裹服务的政策并没有禁止将华为手机从英国运往美国[13]。6月23日,联邦快递发表致歉声明。而华为方面也作出回应,称联邦快递拒投递华为手机是“对(美国)行政命令和实体名单的误读”[14]。24日,中华人民共和国外交部发言人耿爽在记者会上回应称“联邦快递作为这么大一家公司,理应有个合理的解释,理应为自身的行为负责”[15]。同日,联邦快递宣布已向哥伦比亚特区联邦地区法院对美国商务部提起诉讼,要求避免遵循美国政府的相关限制[16]。
In July 2019, China accused FedEx of holding back more than 100 packages that Huawei was trying to deliver to China. Chinese regulators said that the company committed “violations” when it diverted Huawei parcels.[91]
【参考译文】2019年7月,中国指控联邦快递拦截了华为试图运送到中国的100多个包裹。中国监管机构表示,联邦快递在转运华为包裹时犯下了“违规”行为。
2019年7月26日,中国有关部门透过新华社发布消息称,经过调查,发现联邦快递将华为包裹运往美国纯属故意,并不存在“误操作”;不仅如此,联邦快递还私自扣押了上百件涉及华为的包裹。[17]当日,联邦快递发表声明,表示正与相关部门就调查中发现的情况保持密切沟通[18]。
7.7 税收避税指控 | Allegations of tax avoidance
文中可能包含无法从中国内地访问的链接。
In December 2019, CNBC listed FedEx along with 378 additional Fortune 500 companies that “paid an effective federal tax rate of 0% or less” as a result of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017.[92] The New York Times reported that FedEx paid $1.5 billion in taxes after the 2017 fiscal year (effective tax rate of 34%) and then $0 after the 2018 fiscal year (effective tax rate of 0%) as a result of lobbying done by the company.[93]
【参考译文】2019年12月,CNBC列出了联邦快递以及其他378家《财富》500强公司,这些公司由于2017年《减税和就业法案》的影响,“实际联邦税率为0%或更低”。《纽约时报》报道称,联邦快递在2017财年之后支付了15亿美元的税款(实际税率为34%),然后在2018财年之后支付了0美元的税款(实际税率为0%),这是由于公司进行的游说活动导致的。
7.8 印第安纳波利斯工厂发生大规模枪击案 | Mass shooting at Indianapolis facility
文中可能包含无法从中国内地访问的链接。
Main article: Indianapolis FedEx shooting【主条目:印第安纳波利斯枪击案】
A FedEx Ground facility was the site of a mass shooting in Indianapolis on April 15, 2021, causing nine deaths (including the perpetrator) and at least 6 injuries. FedEx released a statement early the next morning, saying they were “deeply saddened” by the loss of their team members.[94]
【参考译文】2021年4月15日,印第安纳波利斯的一个联邦快递地面设施发生大规模枪击事件,造成九人死亡(包括行凶者)和至少6人受伤。联邦快递在次日清晨发布了一份声明,称他们对失去团队成员感到“深感悲痛”。
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